Introduction

The following ayat and ahadeeth serve as evidence for the description of what fajr looks like, when suhoor should end, and the fast begin.  They are for reference purposes and are supposed to be read in conjunction with the Fajr videos it was made for. If you find any mistakes in the translation then please inform us immediately on: contact-us@arabic-courses.com.

Tuloo’ of the Fajr 

أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، قَالَ: «وَقْتُ الظُّهْرِ إِذَا زَالَتِ الشَّمْسُ وَكَانَ ظِلُّ الرَّجُلِ كَطُولِهِ، مَا لَمْ يَحْضُرِ الْعَصْرُ، وَوَقْتُ الْعَصْرِ مَا لَمْ تَصْفَرَّ الشَّمْسُ، وَوَقْتُ صَلَاةِ الْمَغْرِبِ مَا لَمْ يَغِبِ الشَّفَقُ، وَوَقْتُ صَلَاةِ الْعِشَاءِ إِلَى نِصْفِ اللَّيْلِ الْأَوْسَطِ، وَوَقْتُ صَلَاةِ الصُّبْحِ مِنْ طُلُوعِ الْفَجْرِ مَا لَمْ تَطْلُعِ الشَّمْسُ، فَإِذَا طَلَعَتِ الشَّمْسُ فَأَمْسِكْ عَنِ الصَّلَاةِ، فَإِنَّهَا تَطْلُعْ بَيْنَ قَرْنَيْ شَيْطَانٍ»

'Abdullah b. 'Amr reported:

The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: The time of the noon prayer is when the sun passes the meridian and a man's shadow is the same (length) as his height, (and it lasts) as long as the time for the afternoon prayer has not come; the time for the afternoon prayer is as long as the sun has not become pale; the time of the evening prayer is as long as the twilight has not ended; the time of the night prayer is up to the middle of the average night and the time of the morning prayer is from the appearance of dawn, as long as the sun has not risen; but when the sun rises, refrain from prayer for it rises between the horns of the devil.

عَنْ سُلَيْمَانَ بْنِ بُرَيْدَةَ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، أَنَّ رَجُلًا سَأَلَهُ عَنْ وَقْتِ الصَّلَاةِ، فَقَالَ لَهُ: «صَلِّ مَعَنَا هَذَيْنِ - يَعْنِي الْيَوْمَيْنِ - فَلَمَّا زَالَتِ الشَّمْسُ أَمَرَ بِلَالًا فَأَذَّنَ، ثُمَّ أَمَرَهُ، فَأَقَامَ الظُّهْرَ، ثُمَّ أَمَرَهُ، فَأَقَامَ الْعَصْرَ وَالشَّمْسُ مُرْتَفِعَةٌ بَيْضَاءُ نَقِيَّةٌ، ثُمَّ أَمَرَهُ فَأَقَامَ الْمَغْرِبَ حِينَ غَابَتِ الشَّمْسُ، ثُمَّ أَمَرَهُ فَأَقَامَ الْعِشَاءَ حِينَ غَابَ الشَّفَقُ، ثُمَّ أَمَرَهُ فَأَقَامَ الْفَجْرَ حِينَ طَلَعَ الْفَجْرَ، فَلَمَّا أَنْ كَانَ الْيَوْمُ الثَّانِي أَمَرَهُ فَأَبْرَدَ بِالظُّهْرِ، فَأَبْرَدَ بِهَا، فَأَنْعَمَ أَنْ يُبْرِدَ بِهَا، وَصَلَّى الْعَصْرَ وَالشَّمْسُ مُرْتَفِعَةٌ أَخَّرَهَا فَوْقَ الَّذِي كَانَ، وَصَلَّى الْمَغْرِبَ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَغِيبَ الشَّفَقُ، وَصَلَّى الْعِشَاءَ بَعْدَمَا ذَهَبَ ثُلُثُ اللَّيْلِ، وَصَلَّى الْفَجْرَ فَأَسْفَرَ بِهَا»، ثُمَّ قَالَ: «أَيْنَ السَّائِلُ عَنْ وَقْتِ الصَّلَاةِ؟» فَقَالَ الرَّجُلُ: أَنَا، يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ، قَالَ: «وَقْتُ صَلَاتِكُمْ بَيْنَ مَا رَأَيْتُمْ

Sulaiman b. Buraida narrated it on the authority of his father that a person asked the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) about the time of prayer. Upon this he said:

Pray with us these two, meaning two days. When the sun passed the meridian, he gave command to Bilal who uttered the call to prayer. Then he commanded him and pronounced Iqama for noon prayer (Then at the time of the afternoon prayer) he again commanded and Iqama for the afternoon prayer was pronounced when the sun was high, white and clear. He then commanded and Iqama for the evening prayer was pronounced, when the sun had set. He then commanded him and the Iqama for the night prayer was pronounced when the twilight had disappeared. He then commanded him and the Iqama for the morning prayer was pronounced, when the dawn had appeared. When it was the next day, he commanded him to delay the noon prayer till the extreme heat had passed and he did so, and he allowed it to be delayed till the extreme heat had passed. He observed the afternoon prayer when the sun was high, delaying it beyond the time he had previously observed it. He observed the evening prayer before the twilight had vanished; he observed the night prayer when a third of the night had passed; and he observed the dawn prayer when there was clear daylight. He (the Holy Prophet) then said: Where is the man who inquired about the time of prayer? He (the inquirer) said: Messenger of Allah, here I am. He (the Holy Prophet) said: The time for your prayer is within the limits of what you have seen.

عَنْ سُلَيْمَانَ بْنِ بُرَيْدَةَ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، أَنَّ رَجُلًا أَتَى النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، فَسَأَلَهُ عَنْ مَوَاقِيتِ الصَّلَاةِ، فَقَالَ: «اشْهَدْ مَعَنَا الصَّلَاةَ، فَأَمَرَ بِلَالًا فَأَذَّنَ بِغَلَسٍ، فَصَلَّى الصُّبْحَ حِينَ طَلَعَ الْفَجْرُ، ثُمَّ أَمَرَهُ بِالظُّهْرِ حِينَ زَالَتِ الشَّمْسُ عَنْ بَطْنِ السَّمَاءِ، ثُمَّ أَمَرَهُ بِالْعَصْرِ وَالشَّمْسُ مُرْتَفِعَةٌ، ثُمَّ أَمَرَهُ بِالْمَغْرِبِ حِينَ وَجَبَتِ الشَّمْسُ، ثُمَّ أَمَرَهُ بِالْعِشَاءِ حِينَ وَقَعَ الشَّفَقُ، ثُمَّ أَمَرَهُ الْغَدَ فَنَوَّرَ بِالصُّبْحِ،  ثُمَّ أَمَرَهُ بِالظُّهْرِ فَأَبْرَدَ، ثُمَّ أَمَرَهُ بِالْعَصْرِ وَالشَّمْسُ بَيْضَاءُ نَقِيَّةٌ لَمْ تُخَالِطْهَا صُفْرَةٌ، ثُمَّ أَمَرَهُ بِالْمَغْرِبِ قَبْلَ أَنَّ يَقَعَ الشَّفَقُ، ثُمَّ أَمَرَهُ بِالْعِشَاءِ عِنْدَ ذَهَابِ ثُلُثِ اللَّيْلِ، أَوْ بَعْضِهِ - شَكَّ حَرَمِيٌّ -» فَلَمَّا أَصْبَحَ، قَالَ: «أَيْنَ السَّائِلُ؟ مَا بَيْنَ مَا رَأَيْتَ وَقْتٌ»

[شرح محمد فؤاد عبد الباقي]

[ ش (بغلس) أي في ظلام قال ابن الأثير الغلس ظلمة آخر الليل إذا اختلطت بضوء الصباح

Buraida narrated on the authority of his father that a man came to the Prophet (ﷺ) and asked about the times of prayer. He said:

You observe with us the prayer. He commanded Bilal, and he uttered the call to prayer in the darkness of night preceding daybreak and he said the morning prayer till dawn had appeared. He then commanded him (Bilal) to call for the noon prayer when the sun had declined from the zenith. He then commanded him (Bilal) to call for the afternoon prayer when the sun was high. He then commanded him for the evening prayer when the sun had set. He then commanded him for the night prayer when the twilight had disappeared. Then on the next day he commanded him (to call for prayer) when there was light in the morning. He then commanded him (to call) for the noon prayer when the extreme heat was no more. He then commanded him for the afternoon prayer when the sun was bright and clear and yellowness did not blend with it. He then commanded him to observe the sunset prayer. He then commanded him for the night prayer when a third part of the night bad passed or a bit less than that. Harami (the narrator of this hadith) was in doubt about that part of the mentioned hadith which concerned the portion of the night. When it was dawn, he (the Holy Prophet) said: Where is the inquirer (who inquired about the times of prayer and added): Between (these two extremes) is the time for prayer.

When Fajr breaks forth

عَنْ رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، أَنَّهُ " أَتَاهُ سَائِلٌ يَسْأَلُهُ عَنْ مَوَاقِيتِ الصَّلَاةِ، فَلَمْ يَرُدَّ عَلَيْهِ شَيْئًا، قَالَ: فَأَقَامَ الْفَجْرَ حِينَ انْشَقَّ الْفَجْرُ، وَالنَّاسُ لَا يَكَادُ يَعْرِفُ بَعْضُهُمْ بَعْضًا، ثُمَّ أَمَرَهُ فَأَقَامَ بِالظُّهْرِ، حِينَ زَالَتِ الشَّمْسُ، وَالْقَائِلُ يَقُولُ قَدِ انْتَصَفَ النَّهَارُ، وَهُوَ كَانَ أَعْلَمَ مِنْهُمْ، ثُمَّ أَمَرَهُ فَأَقَامَ بِالْعَصْرِ وَالشَّمْسُ مُرْتَفِعَةٌ، ثُمَّ أَمَرَهُ فَأَقَامَ بِالْمَغْرِبِ حِينَ وَقَعَتِ الشَّمْسُ، ثُمَّ أَمَرَهُ فَأَقَامَ الْعِشَاءَ حِينَ غَابَ الشَّفَقُ، ثُمَّ أَخَّرَ الْفَجْرَ مِنَ الْغَدِ حَتَّى انْصَرَفَ مِنْهَا، وَالْقَائِلُ يَقُولُ قَدْ طَلَعَتِ الشَّمْسُ، أَوْ كَادَتْ، ثُمَّ أَخَّرَ الظُّهْرَ حَتَّى كَانَ قَرِيبًا مِنْ وَقْتِ الْعَصْرِ بِالْأَمْسِ، ثُمَّ أَخَّرَ الْعَصْرَ حَتَّى انْصَرَفَ مِنْهَا، وَالْقَائِلُ يَقُولُ قَدِ احْمَرَّتِ الشَّمْسُ، ثُمَّ أَخَّرَ الْمَغْرِبَ حَتَّى كَانَ عِنْدَ سُقُوطِ الشَّفَقِ، ثُمَّ أَخَّرَ الْعِشَاءَ حَتَّى كَانَ ثُلُثُ اللَّيْلِ الْأَوَّلُ، ثُمَّ أَصْبَحَ فَدَعَا السَّائِلَ، فَقَالَ: الْوَقْتُ بَيْنَ هَذَيْنِ “

Abu Musa narrated on the authority of his father that a person came to the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) for inquiring about the times of prayers. He (the Holy Prophet) gave him no reply (because he wanted to explain to him the times by practically observing these prayers). He then said the morning prayer when it was daybreak, but the people could hardly recognise one another. He then commanded and the Iqama for the noon prayer was pronounced when the sun had passed the meridian and one would say that it was midday but he (the Holy Prophet) knew beastter than them. He then again commanded and the Iqama for the afternoon prayer was pronounced when the sun was high. He then commanded and Iqama for the evening prayer was pronounced when the sun had sunk. He then commanded and Iqama for the night prayer was pronounced when the twilight had disappeared. He then delayed the morning prayer on the next day (so much so) that after returning from it one would say that the sun had risen or it was about to rise. He then delayed the noon prayer till it was near the time of afternoon prayer (as it was observed yesterday). He then delayed the afternoon prayer till one after returning from it would say that the sun had become red. He then delayed the evening prayer till the twilight was about to disappear. He then delayed the night prayer till it was one-third of the night. He then called the inquirer in the morning and said:

The time for prayers is between these two (extremes).

ثُمَّ صَلَّى الفَجْرَ حِينَ بَرَقَ الفَجْرُ،

Then he prayed Fajr when Fajr (dawn) began,

tirmithee

Prayed the last part of the night, the ghalas

أَنَّ عَائِشَةَ أَخْبَرَتْهُ، قَالَتْ: «كُنَّ نِسَاءُ المُؤْمِنَاتِ يَشْهَدْنَ مَعَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ صَلاَةَ الفَجْرِ مُتَلَفِّعَاتٍ بِمُرُوطِهِنَّ، ثُمَّ يَنْقَلِبْنَ إِلَى بُيُوتِهِنَّ حِينَ يَقْضِينَ الصَّلاَةَ، لاَ يَعْرِفُهُنَّ أَحَدٌ مِنَ الغَلَسِ»

Narrated `Aisha:

The believing women covered with their veiling sheets used to attend the Fajr prayer with Allah's Apostle, and after finishing the prayer they would return to their home and nobody could recognise them because of darkness.

bukhaareee, muslim, abu daawood, tirmithi, nasaaee

، أَنَّ عَائِشَةَ، زَوْجَ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، قَالَتْ: «لَقَدْ كَانَ نِسَاءٌ مِنَ الْمُؤْمِنَاتِ يَشْهَدْنَ الْفَجْرَ مَعَ رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ مُتَلَفِّعَاتٍ بِمُرُوطِهِنَّ، ثُمَّ يَنْقَلِبْنَ إِلَى بُيُوتِهِنَّ، وَمَا يُعْرَفْنَ مِنْ تَغْلِيسِ رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ بِالصَّلَاةِ»

'A'isha, the wife of the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ), reported:

The believing women observed the morning prayer with the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) wrapped in their mantles. They then went back to their houses and were unrecognisable, because of the Messenger of Allah's (ﷺ) praying in the darkness before dawn.

عَنْ سَيَّارِ بْنِ سَلَامَةَ أَبِي الْمِنْهَالِ، قَالَ: سَمِعْتُ أَبَا بَرْزَةَ الْأَسْلَمِيَّ، يَقُولُ: «كَانَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يُؤَخِّرُ الْعِشَاءَ إِلَى ثُلُثِ اللَّيْلِ، وَيَكْرَهُ النَّوْمَ قَبْلَهَا، وَالْحَدِيثَ بَعْدَهَا، وَكَانَ يَقْرَأُ فِي صَلَاةِ الْفَجْرِ مِنَ الْمِائَةِ إِلَى السِّتِّينَ، وَكَانَ يَنْصَرِفُ حِينَ يَعْرِفُ بَعْضُنَا وَجْهَ بَعْضٍ»

Abu Barza b. Aslami is reported to have said:

The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) delayed the night prayer till a third of the night had passed and he did not approve of sleeping before it, and talking after it, and he used to recite in the morning prayer from one hundred to sixty verses (and completed the prayer at such hours) when we recognised the faces of one another.

عَنْ أَبِي بَرْزَةَ قَالَ: «كَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يُصَلِّي الظُّهْرَ إِذَا زَالَتِ الشَّمْسُ [ص: ١١٠] ، وَيُصَلِّي الْعَصْرَ وَإِنَّ أَحَدَنَا لَيَذْهَبُ إِلَى أَقْصَى الْمَدِينَةِ، وَيَرْجِعُ وَالشَّمْسُ حَيَّةٌ، وَنَسِيتُ الْمَغْرِبَ، وَكَانَ لَا يُبَالِي تَأْخِيرَ الْعِشَاءِ إِلَى ثُلُثِ اللَّيْلِ» - قَالَ: ثُمَّ قَالَ: إِلَى شَطْرِ اللَّيْلِ - قَالَ: «وَكَانَ يَكْرَهُ النَّوْمَ قَبْلَهَا وَالْحَدِيثَ بَعْدَهَا، وَكَانَ يُصَلِّي الصُّبْحَ، وَمَا يَعْرِفُ أَحَدُنَا جَلِيسَهُ الَّذِي كَانَ يَعْرِفُهُ، وَكَانَ يَقْرَأُ فِيهَا مِنَ السِّتِّينَ إِلَى الْمِائَةِ»

[حكم الألباني] : صحيح

Sayyar b. Salama reported:

I heard my father asking Abu Barza (al- Aslami) about the prayer of Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) I (Shu'ba, one of the narrators) said: Did you hear it (from Abu Barza)? He said: 1 feel as if I am bearing you at this very time. He said: I heard my father asking about the prayer of the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) and he (Abu Barza) making this reply: He (the Holy Prophet) did not mind delaying-some (prayer) i. e. 'Isya' prayer, even up to the midnight and did not like sleeping before observing it, and talking after it. Shu'ba said: I met him subsequently and asked him (about the prayers of the Holy Prophet) and he said: He observed the noon prayer when the sun was past the meridian, he would pray the afternoon prayer, after which a person would o to the outskirts of Medina and the sun was still bright; (I forgot what he said about the evening prayer) ; I then met him on a subsequent occasion and asked him (about the prayers of the Holy Prophet; and he said: He would observe the morning prayer (at such a time) so that a man would go back and would recognise his neighbour by casting a glance at his face, and he would recite from sixty to one verses in it.

End of suhoor and the beginning of fajr 

كلوا و اشربوا حتى يتبين لكم الخيط الأبيض من الخيط الأسود من الفجر

And eat and drink until the white thread of dawn becomes distinct to you from the black thread [of night].

عن عدي بنِ حاتِم، قال: لما نزلت هذه الآية {حَتَّى يَتَبَيَّنَ لَكُمُ الْخَيْطُ الْأَبْيَضُ مِنَ الْخَيْطِ الْأَسْوَدِ} [البقرة: ١٨٧]  قال: أخذتُ عِقالاً أبيضَ وعِقالاً أسودَ، فوضعتُهما تحتَ وسَادتي، فنظرتُ، فلم أتبيَّن، فذكرتُ ذلك لِرسولِ الله -صلَّى الله عليه وسلم-، فَضَحِكَ فقال: "إن وِسَادَكَ إذاً لعَرِيضٌ طويلٌ،  إنما هو الليل والنهار" وقال عثمانُ: "إنما هو سوادُ الليل وبياضُ النهارِ" (١).

Narrated 'Adi b. Hatim:

When the verse "Until the white thread of dawn appear to you distinct from its black thread" was revealed, I took a white rope and a black rope, and placed them beneath my pillow ; and then I looked at them, byt they were not clear to me. So I mentioned it to the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ). He laughed and said: Your pillow is so broad and lengthy ; that is (i.e. means) night and day. The version of the narrator 'Uthman has: That is the blackness of night and whiteness of day.

Abu Daawood

عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: «أَمَّنِي جِبْرِيلُ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَام عِنْدَ الْبَيْتِ مَرَّتَيْنِ، فَصَلَّى بِيَ الظُّهْرَ حِينَ زَالَتِ الشَّمْسُ وَكَانَتْ قَدْرَ الشِّرَاكِ، وَصَلَّى بِيَ الْعَصْرَ حِينَ كَانَ ظِلُّهُ مِثْلَهُ،  وَصَلَّى بِيَ يَعْنِي الْمَغْرِبَ حِينَ أَفْطَرَ الصَّائِمُ، وَصَلَّى بِيَ الْعِشَاءَ حِينَ غَابَ الشَّفَقُ، وَصَلَّى بِيَ الْفَجْرَ حِينَ حَرُمَ الطَّعَامُ وَالشَّرَابُ عَلَى الصَّائِمِ، فَلَمَّا كَانَ الْغَدُ صَلَّى بِيَ الظُّهْرَ حِينَ كَانَ ظِلُّهُ مِثْلَهُ، وَصَلَّى بِي الْعَصْرَ حِينَ كَانَ ظِلُّهُ مِثْلَيْهِ، وَصَلَّى بِيَ الْمَغْرِبَ حِينَ أَفْطَرَ الصَّائِمُ، وَصَلَّى بِيَ الْعِشَاءَ إِلَى ثُلُثِ اللَّيْلِ،  وَصَلَّى بِيَ الْفَجْرَ فَأَسْفَرَ» ثُمَّ الْتَفَتَ إِلَيَّ فَقَالَ: «يَا مُحَمَّدُ، هَذَا وَقْتُ الْأَنْبِيَاءِ مِنْ قَبْلِكَ، وَالْوَقْتُ مَا بَيْنَ هَذَيْنِ الْوَقْتَيْنِ»

[حكم الألباني] : حسن صحيح

Narrated Abdullah Ibn Abbas:

The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: Gabriel (ﷺ) led me in prayer at the House (i.e. the Ka'bah). He prayed the noon prayer with me when the sun had passed the meridian to the extent of the thong of a sandal; he prayed the afternoon prayer with me when the shadow of everything was as long as itself; he prayed the sunset prayer with me when one who is fasting breaks the fast; he prayed the night prayer with me when the twilight had ended; and he prayed the dawn prayer with me when food and drink become forbidden to one who is keeping the fast.

On the following day he prayed the noon prayer with me when his shadow was as long as himself; he prayed the afternoon prayer with me when his shadow was twice as long as himself; he prayed the sunset prayer at the time when one who is fasting breaks the fast; he prayed the night prayer with me when about the third of the night had passed; and he prayed the dawn prayer with me when there was a fair amount of light.

Then turning to me he said: Muhammad, this is the time observed by the prophets before you, and the time is anywhere between two times

Abu daawood

أَخْبَرَنِي ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ، أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ: " أَمَّنِي جِبْرِيلُ عِنْدَ البَيْتِ مَرَّتَيْنِ، فَصَلَّى الظُّهْرَ فِي الأُولَى مِنْهُمَا حِينَ كَانَ الفَيْءُ مِثْلَ الشِّرَاكِ، ثُمَّ صَلَّى العَصْرَ حِينَ كَانَ كُلُّ شَيْءٍ مِثْلَ ظِلِّهِ، ثُمَّ صَلَّى المَغْرِبَ حِينَ وَجَبَتِ الشَّمْسُ وَأَفْطَرَ الصَّائِمُ، ثُمَّ صَلَّى العِشَاءَ حِينَ غَابَ الشَّفَقُ، ثُمَّ صَلَّى الفَجْرَ حِينَ بَرَقَ الفَجْرُ، وَحَرُمَ الطَّعَامُ عَلَى الصَّائِمِ، وَصَلَّى المَرَّةَ الثَّانِيَةَ الظُّهْرَ حِينَ كَانَ ظِلُّ كُلِّ شَيْءٍ مِثْلَهُ لِوَقْتِ العَصْرِ بِالأَمْسِ، ثُمَّ صَلَّى العَصْرَ حِينَ كَانَ ظِلُّ كُلِّ شَيْءٍ مِثْلَيْهِ، ثُمَّ صَلَّى المَغْرِبَ لِوَقْتِهِ الأَوَّلِ، ثُمَّ صَلَّى العِشَاءَ الآخِرَةَ حِينَ ذَهَبَ ثُلُثُ اللَّيْلِ، ثُمَّ صَلَّى [ص: ٢٨٠] الصُّبْحَ حِينَ أَسْفَرَتِ الأَرْضُ، ثُمَّ التَفَتَ إِلَيَّ جِبْرِيلُ، فَقَالَ: يَا مُحَمَّدُ، هَذَا وَقْتُ الأَنْبِيَاءِ مِنْ قَبْلِكَ، وَالوَقْتُ فِيمَا بَيْنَ هَذَيْنِ الوَقْتَيْنِ ".  [ص: ٢٨١] وَفِي البَابِ عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ، وَبُرَيْدَةَ، وَأَبِي مُوسَى، وَأَبِي مَسْعُودٍ، وَأَبِي سَعِيدٍ، وَجَابِرٍ، وَعَمْرِو بْنِ حَزْمٍ، وَالبَرَاءِ، وَأَنَسٍ

[حكم الألباني] : حسن صحي

Ibn Abbas narrated that :

the Prophet said: "Jibril (peace be upon him) led me (in Salat) twice at the House. So he prayed Zuhr the first time when the shadow was similar to (the length of) the strap a sandal. Then he prayed Asr when everything was similar (to the length of) its shadow. Then he prayed Maghrib when the sun had set and the fasting person breaks fast. Then he prayed Isha when the twilight had vanished. Then he prayed Fajr when Fajr (dawn) began, and when eating is prohibited for the fasting person. The second time he prayed Zuhr when the shadow of everything was similar to (the length of) it, at the time of Asr the day before. Then he prayed Asr when the shadow of everything was about twice as long as it. Then he prayed Maghrib at the same time as he did the first time. Then he prayed Isha, the later one, when a third of the night had gone. Then he prayed Subh when the land glowed. Then Jibril turned towards me and said: "O Muhammad! These are the times of the Prophets before you, and the (best) time is what is between these two times

tirmithee 

Description of false and true fajr

عَنِ ابْنِ مَسْعُودٍ، قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: «لاَ يَمْنَعَنَّ أَحَدَكُمْ أَذَانُ بِلاَلٍ مِنْ سَحُورِهِ، فَإِنَّهُ يُؤَذِّنُ - أَوْ قَالَ يُنَادِي - لِيَرْجِعَ قَائِمَكُمْ، وَيُنَبِّهَ نَائِمَكُمْ، وَلَيْسَ الفَجْرُ أَنْ يَقُولَ هَكَذَا - وَجَمَعَ يَحْيَى كَفَّيْهِ - حَتَّى يَقُولَ هَكَذَا» وَمَدَّ يَحْيَى إِصْبَعَيْهِ السَّبَّابَتَيْنِ

Narrated 'Abd Allah b. Mas'ud:

The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) as saying: The summons (adhan) of Bilal should not restrain one of you from taking a meal shortly before dawn, for he utters adhan or calls (for prayer) so that the man at prayer may return, and the man asleep may get up. Dawn is not (the whiteness) which indicates thus (in perpendicular) - the narrator Musaddad said: Yahya joined his palms (indicating the spread of whiteness vertically - until it indicates thus - and Yahya spread out two ring-fingers of his (demonstrating the spread of whiteness horizontally)l

Bukhaaree abu daawood

[تعليق مصطفى البغا]

٦٨٢٠ (٦/٢٦٤٧) -[ ش (أن يقول هكذا) مستطيلا غير منتشر وهو الفجر الكاذب. (حتى يقول هكذا) يصير مستطيلا منتشرا في الأفق ممدودا من الطرفين اليمين والشمال وهو الصبح الصادق]

[ر ٥٩٦]

حدثني قيسُ بنُ طلقٍ 

عن أبيهِ، قال: قال رسولُ الله -صلَّى الله عليه وسلم-: "كُلُوا واشْرَبُوا، ولا يَهيدَنكُمُ السَّاطِعُ المُصْعِدُ، فَكُلوا واشْرَبُوا حتى يعترِضَ لكُمُ الأحْمَرُ" (١).

Narrated Talq ibn Ali al-Yamami:

The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: Eat and drink; let not the white and ascending light prevent you from (eating and drinking); so eat and drink until the red light spreads horizontally.

قال أبو داود: هذا مما تفرد به أهلُ اليمامة (٢).

= وهو في "مسند أحمد" (٣٦٥٤)، و"صحيح ابن حبان" (٣٤٦٨) و (٣٤٧٢). وقوله: "ليرجع قائمكم": لفظ قائمكم منصوبة على أنها مفعول به "ليرجع" ورجع يستعمل لازماً ومتعدياً، قال الله سبحانه {فَإِنْ رَجَعَكَ اللَّهُ} [التوبة: ٨٣] ومعناه يرد القائم، أي: المتهجد إلى راحته ليقوم إلى صلاة الفجر نشيطاً، أو يكون له حاجة إلى الصيام فيتسحر. وقوله: "وينتبه نائمكم" في رواية مسلم: "ويوقظ نائمكم" ولفظ البخاري: "وينبه نائمكم" وقوله: "وليس الفجر أن يقول هكذا وهكذا". فيه إطلاق القول على الفعل، أي: يظهر، وكذا قوله: "حتى يقول" وكأنه -صلَّى الله عليه وسلم- يحكي بذلك صفة الفجر الصادق، لأنه يطلع معترضاً ثم يعم الأفق ذاهباً يميناً وشمالاً بخلاف الفجر الكاذب وهو الذي تسميه العرب: ذنب السرحان، فإنه يظهر في أعلى السماء ثم ينخفض.

(١) إسناده حسن. قيس بن طلق صدوق حسن الحديث، وباقي رجاله ثقات.

وأخرجه الترمذي (٧١٤) من طريق ملازم بن عمرو، بهذا الإسناد. وقال:

حديث حسن غريب.

وهو في "مسند أحمد" (١٦٢٩١).

وفي الباب عن سمرة بن جندب سلف برقم (٢٣٤٦).

وقوله: ولا يهيدنكم. قال ابن الأثير في "النهاية"، أي: لا تنزعجوا للفجر المستطيل فتمتنعوا عن السُّحور، فإنه الصبح الكاذب، وأصل الهيد: الحركة، وقد هِدْتُ الشيء أهيدُه هَيداً: إذا حركته وأزعجته.

الساطع: المرتفع، وسطوعها: ارتفاعها مصعداً قبل أن يعترض، ومعنى الأحمر هنا أن يستبطن البياض المعترض أوائل حُمرة، وذلك أن البياض إذا تَتَامَّ طُلُوعه ظهرت أوائل الحمرة.

(٢) مقالة أبي داود هذه زيادة أثبتناها من هامش (هـ)، وأشار هناك إلى أنها في رواية أبي عيسى الرملي.

وليس الفجر أن يقول هكذا وهكذا". فيه إطلاق القول على الفعل، أي: يظهر، وكذا قوله: "حتى يقول" وكأنه -صلَّى الله عليه وسلم- يحكي بذلك صفة الفجر الصادق، لأنه يطلع معترضاً ثم يعم الأفق ذاهباً يميناً وشمالاً بخلاف الفجر الكاذب وهو الذي تسميه العرب: ذنب السرحان، فإنه يظهر في أعلى السماء ثم ينخفض.

Description of false and true fajr from the salaf

٩٠٧٨ - حَدَّثَنَا كَثِيرُ بْنُ هِشَامٍ، عَنْ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ بُرْقَانَ، قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ الزُّهْرِيَّ، وَمَيْمُونًا، فَقُلْتُ: أُرِيدُ الصَّوْمَ فَأَرَى عَمُودَ الصُّبْحِ السَّاطِعِ، فَقَالَا جَمِيعًا: «كُلْ وَاشْرَبْ حَتَّى تَرَاهُ فِي أُفُقِ السَّمَاءِ مُعْتَرِضًا»

Ja’far ibn Burqaan said: “I asked az-Zuhree and Maymoon and said: “I want to fast, and I therefore see the ascending pillar of the dawn” and they both said together: “Eat and drink until you see it spread out across the horizon of the sky”

Musannaf Ibn Abee Shaybah

٩٠٧٧ - حَدَّثَنَا وَكِيعٌ، عَنْ إِسْرَائِيلَ، عَنْ جَابِرٍ، عَنْ عَامِرٍ، وَعَطَاءٍ، قَالَا: «الْفَجْرُ الْمُعْتَرِضُ الَّذِي إِلَى جَنْبِهِ حُمْرَةٌ»

‘Aamir and ‘Ataa both said: “The Fajr that spreads to its side is red”

Musannaf Ibn Abee Shaybah

٩٠٧٦ - حَدَّثَنَا يَزِيدُ بْنُ هَارُونَ، عَنْ حَجَّاجٍ، عَنْ عَدِيِّ بْنِ ثَابِتٍ، قَالَ: اخْتَلَفْنَا فِي الْفَجْرِ، فَأَتَيْنَا إِبْرَاهِيمَ فَقَالَ: «الْفَجْرُ فَجْرَانِ، فَأَمَّا أَحَدُهُمَا فَالْفَجْرُ السَّاطِعُ فَلَا يُحِلُّ الصَّلَاةَ وَلَا يُحَرِّمُ الطَّعَامَ، وَأَمَّا الْفَجْرُ الْمُعْتَرِضُ الْأَحْمَرُ، فَإِنَّهُ يُحِلُّ الصَّلَاةَ وَيُحَرِّمُ الطَّعَامَ وَالشَّرَابَ»

On the authority of Adee ibn thaabit who said that we differed with regards to the Fajr, so we went to Ibraaheem and he said: “The fajr is two fajr’s, as for the first, then it ascends, and it does not allow one to pray [Fajr] nor does it prohibit food.  As for the red Fajr that spreads, then that one allows one to pray and makes food and drink haraam.”

Musannaf Ibn Abee Shaybah

٩٠٧٥ - حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو مُعَاوِيَةَ، عَنِ الْأَعْمَشِ، عَنْ مُسْلِمٍ، قَالَ: «لَمْ يَكُونُوا يَعُدُّوا الْفَجْرَ فَجْرَكُمْ، وَلَكِنْ يَعُدُّونَ الْفَجْرَ الَّذِي يَمْلَأُ الْبُيُوتَ وَالطُّرُقَ

On the authority of Muslim who said: “They never used to consider the fajr like your fajr, but they considered it fajr when the homes and streets are filled with its [light]

Musannaf Ibn Abee Shaybah

٩٠٧٤ - حَدَّثَنَا يَزِيدُ بْنُ هَارُونَ، عَنْ عِمْرَانَ، عَنْ أَبِي مِجْلَزٍ، قَالَ: «السَّاطِعُ ذَلِكَ الصُّبْحُ الْكَاذِبُ، وَلَكِنْ إِذَا انْفَضَحَ الصُّبْحُ فِي الْأُفُقِ»

On the authority of Abu Mijlaz who said: “the ascending [light] that is the false fajr, but rather [the true fajr occurs] when the dawn is exposed on the horizon.”

Musannaf Ibn Abee Shaybah

٩٠٧٣ - حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الصَّمَدِ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْوَارِثِ، عَنْ حَوْشَبِ بْنِ عَقِيلٍ، عَنْ جَعْفَرٍ، قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ الْقَاسِمَ، أَهُوَ السَّاطِعُ أَمْ الْمُعْتَرِضُ؟ قَالَ: «الْمُعْتَرِضُ وَالسَّاطِعُ الصُّبْحُ الْكَاذِبُ»

On the authority of Abu Ja’far who said that he asked al-Qaasim: “Is it the ascending [light] or [the light that] spreads?” and he said: “[It’s] the one what spreads, and the amending [light] is the false dawn”

Musannaf Ibn Abee Shaybah

٩٠٧١ - حَدَّثَنَا وَكِيعٌ، عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي ذِئْبٍ، عَنْ خَالِدٍ، عَنْ ثَوْبَانَ، قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: «الْفَجْرُ فَجْرَانِ، فَأَمَّا الَّذِي كَأَنَّهُ ذَنَبُ السِّرْحَانِ، فَإِنَّهُ لَا يُحِلُّ شَيْئًا وَلَا يُحَرِّمُهُ، وَلَكِنْ الْمُسْتَطِيرُ»

On the authority of Thawbaan who said:” “The Messenger of Allaah صلى الله عليه و سلم said: “Fajr is two types. As for the one that’s like the tail of a wolf, then it does not allow or prohibit anything (i.e. salah and food) but the [one] that spreads [does].

Musannaf Ibn Abee Shaybah